Bellfield Oil And Gas Plc - 3939 Words

BELLFIELD 63 NEGOTIATIONS MEMORANDUM INTRODUCTION This memorandum has been prepared by one of the DEEGOIL OIL GAS PLC (DEEGOIL or the team) team members that participated in the BELLFIELD 63 negotiations between DEEGOIL OIL GAS PLC and the representatives of the MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (MONRM) in relation to a Production Sharing Contract for Bellfied 63 at the state of Aberoli. This memorandum contains information regarding the preparation for the negotiation, creation of value and the division of the value created as well as information on how the negotiations were conducted, deadlock and the people issues. BACKGROUND ïÆ'Ëœ Aberoli held a licensing round in which it invited oil and gas companies to bid for a†¦show more content†¦There are some steps that should be followed during negotiation process: 5. Close- timing- Agreement on the terms Figure 1: illustrates the five stages of the negotiation process At Bellfield 63 negotiations the negotiation process was based in the following premises: ïÆ'ž Does the team know what it wants to achieve? Does the team understand what the other party is really trying to achieve? ïÆ'ž Can the team identify the key risks and obstacles that will need to overcome? ïÆ'ž What concessions are the team willing to make? What does the team think the other party will ask for? ïÆ'ž What does the team consider to be deal-breakers? How can the team overcome them? ïÆ'ž Is the team ready to conduct a positive and constructive negotiation? Concerning the preparation process, due regard should be given to the â€Å"Role Play† , as the Individual team member’s role must be clear and coordinated by a team leader. This must be done carefully to avoid stand-alone (dyadic) negotiation due to interpersonal differences. The creation of value and the division of the value created are important factors to acknowledge since the business model focuses on the creation of value. A business model within the Petroleum Industry, takes financial and non-financial elements into contemplation, namely: †¢ Competitive Position – the predominant strategy in the industry to create and capture value, notwithstanding in the short-term. In an industry with a historical of

Japanese American Incarceration Essay - 1885 Words

The Incarceration of Japanese Americans is widely regarded as one of the biggest breaches of civil rights in American History. Incarceration evolved from deep-seated anti-Japanese sentiment in the West Coast of the United States. After the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7th, 1941, pressure from the military leadership, politicians, media and nativist groups in the West Coast eventually convinced the President Franklin Roosevelt that action had to be taken to deal with the national security â€Å"threat† that Japanese Americans posed. In reality, Japanese Americans were no real threat to the United States, but the racist sentiments against them prevailed and greatly influenced United States policy during the war. When discussing†¦show more content†¦government officials, including President Roosevelt. Prior to World War II concentration camp was used to simply describe prison camps outside of the normal judicial system; however, in light of the atrocities committed in Nazi concentration camps, the term has garnered an association with horrific abuses. In contrast, the term â€Å"prison camp† There is also debate over the term Japanese American. Due to racial based immigration laws, first generation Japanese immigrants, also known as Issei, were aliens ineligible for U.S. citizenship. Had these laws not been in place, it is reasonable to assume that nearly all of the Issei would have sought U.S. citizenship. However, their children, the second generation, or Nisei, were U.S. citizens by birth. Because of these racially based laws and because Issei were later granted citizenship, it seems more appropriate to refer to these immigrants as Japanese Americans than true Japanese nationals. When examining Japanese American Incarceration, it is valuable to examine the history of Japanese immigration to the United States. In 1853, Commodore Matthew Perry forced the Japanese to open their ports to the United States under threat of bombardment. In 1868, after overthrowing the shogun, Japan’s new government began to focus on modernizing the nation after centuries of isolation.Show MoreRelatedEssay about American Minorities during World War II1446 Words   |  6 PagesAfrican Americans, women, Japanese Americans, and even young adults. What is a minority? A minority, in this case, is a person or group of people who are discriminated against because there is something about them that makes them different. Some of these reasons why they are different are things like race, gender, and even age. However, the real question is how were the roles of American minorities change after World War II? 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Patrick Bloom 4/29/15 ASAM 335 Dr. Tsuchida â€Æ' JAPANESE AMERICAN IMMIGRANTS Migration of Japanese people to America began in mid-1800s as they searched for peace and a mode of payment to improve their family conditions, and escape from unstable home conditions in Japan. Migration resulted in a life of great hard work and severities of hostility in the workplace. In addition, Japanese immigrants had to face multiple legislative attacks from Americans and endureRead More Japanese Alien and Japanese-American Poets In U. S. Relocation Camps4710 Words   |  19 PagesOn February 19, 1942, Franklin Delano Roosevelt issued the infamous Executive Order 9066, which resulted in the internment of 110,000 Japanese Aliens and Japanese Americans in concentration camps because of the so-called military threat, they posed. In 1945, poet Lawson Fusao Inada wrote the following poem, titled Concentration Constellation, which refers to the various relocation camps that were used to contain these people: In this earthly configuration, We have, not points of light, butRead More The Odyssey Essay2009 Words   |  9 Pages japanese-American During WWII By: Japanese immigrants and the following generations had to endure discrimination, racism, and prejudice from white Americans. They were first viewed as economic competition. The Japanese Americans were then forced into internment camps simply because of the whites fear and paranoia. The Japanese first began to immigrate to the United States in 1868. At first they came in small numbers. US Census records show only 55 in 1870 and 2,039 in 1890. After that, they cameRead MoreThe Internment Of Japanese Americans894 Words   |  4 PagesThe internment of Japanese Americans is an example of how one historical event can influence the start of another. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor created fear throughout the nation. Newspaper articles depicted Americans of Japanese descent as untrustworthy and a danger to the nation. They warned that Japanese Americans were serving as spies for their mother coun try. As hysteria grew, eventually all persons of Japanese descent living on the West Coast, including those born in the United StatesRead MoreThe United States And Japan1158 Words   |  5 Pagesto reduce the increasingly growing number of Japanese immigrants in the West Coast. Subsequent regulations placed on the Japanese in the United States made them aggravated. There was serious trouble brewing between the United States and Japan until the Japanese carried out attacks on Pearl Harbour in December 1941. After the attack on Pearl Harbor there was increased spread of propaganda from the press and local leaders against the people with Japanese roots. There were numerous calls to the Congress

Elevator Speech Draft Free Essays

Elevator Speech Audience: Diana Gale Purpose: To outline strategies for developing a publicly supported wasteland augment policy â€Å"Seattle Waste utility faces a challenging new mission: not only is the agency t asked with its previous responsibility of delivering waste management services, it is now task ked with developing waste management policy. With the approaching deadline to Rene w the contract with the King County landfill, the utility is faced with an opportunity to recon mend a new longer waste management policy. You have already accomplished a great deal by building SSW into an organize Zion that can be effective in developing policy, but local organizations, politicians and meme beers of the public have strong, competing perspectives about waste management in Seat tale. We will write a custom essay sample on Elevator Speech Draft or any similar topic only for you Order Now In addition, confidence in Saw’s ability to recommend a policy is low. Under these conditions, it is best if SSW does not make a recommendation a bout a longer waste management policy alone. Instead, you should engage key organization s and individuals whose support could strengthen Saw’s legitimacy. TO determine a longer asset disposal policy, we recommend that you pursue one of two participator decommissioning processes: the first includes the the public, along with local p Laotians and administrators. If time constraints allow, we feel that this is your best bet to in crease Saw’s legitimacy and gain support and cooperation for the policy. The second excels vilely includes local politicians and administrators. This second process would increase the u utility legitimacy on a more limited level, but may be preferable if time constraints prevent you from pursuing the more inclusive process. † How to cite Elevator Speech Draft, Papers

Corporate Accounting In the Leasing Process

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Accounting for the Leasing Process. Answer: 1: (a) In the leasing process lessor allows use of certain assets in lieu of the rent amount. This is a perfect example of the finance lease where Salohcin Ltd leased asset is a specific item of industrial machinery, portable Enamel Drying Room to Ffoeg Ltd, for a period of 4 years. The asset was actually purchased by the lessor and then given on for lease to Ffoeg Ltd for an annual rent of $1,20,000. The owning of the assets and then leased out is considered as the finance lease according to Statement of Standard Accounting Practice 21. (b) Total lease receivable is $1,00,000 x 4 = $4,00,000 The annual lease payment of $20,000 towards insurance and maintenance is not considered here. The present value of lease receivable at the inception of the lease will be $4,00,000 x 3.106= $ 12,42,400. (Assumed that, first lease payment will be due on 30 June, 2006) (c) Date Annual Lease Payment Executory Cost Interest (20% on Liability) Reduction of Lease Liability Lease Liability 30.06.2006 349,160 30.06.2006 120,000 20,000 100,000 249,160 30.06.2007 120,000 20,000 49,832 50,168 198,992 30.06.2008 120,000 20,000 39,798 60,202 138,790 30.06.2009 120,000 20,000 27,758 72,242 66,548 480,000 80,000 117,388 (d) Journals in the books of Salohcin Ltd (Lessor) 30.06.2006 Direct Cost Dr. 15000 Cash Cr. 15000 Cash Dr. 120000 Lease receivable Cr. 100000 Insurance and Maintenance Cr. 20,000 29.06.2007 Interest Receivable Dr. 49832 Interest RevenueLeases Cr. 49,832 (Salohcin Ltd recognizes the interest revenue earned during the first year through the following entry) 30.06.2007 Cash Dr. 120000 Lease Receivable Cr. 50168 Interest Receivable Cr. 49832 Insurance and Maintenance Cr. 20000 29.06.2008 Interest Receivable Dr. 39798 Interest RevenueLeases Cr. 39798 30.06.2008 Cash Dr. 120000 Lease Receivable Cr. 60202 Interest Receivable Cr. 39798 Insurance and Maintenance Cr. 20000 29.06.2009 Interest Receivable Dr. 27758 Interest RevenueLeases Cr. 27758 30.06.2009 Cash Dr. 120000 Lease Receivable Cr. 72242 Interest Receivable Cr. 27758 Insurance and Maintenance Cr. 20000 01.07.2009 Cash Dr. 10000 Gain on Sale of Leased Equipment Cr. 10000 (e) The Portion of the balance Sheet of Salohcin Ltd (Lessor) For the year 2006 Non-Current Assets (Investment) Lease receivable (249160-50,168) $198992 Current assets Interest receivable $49832 Lease receivable $50168 The Portion of the balance Sheet of Salohcin Ltd (Lessor) For the year 2006 Non-Current Assets (Investment) Lease receivable (198992-60202) $198992 Current assets Interest receivable $39798 Lease receivable $60202 2: Introduction: The discussion paper on Initial Accounting for Internally Generated Intangible Assets by the Australian Accounting Standards Board office was represented by Robert Keys and Dean Ardem. The Assets are broadly classified as Tangible Assets and Intangible Assets. Tangible assets are those that we can see and feel or which is having a physical existence like Plant Machinery, Land and Building, Motor Vehicles, Office equipments, etc while Intangible assets are those which we cannot see physically but can be only realised or understandable as in non-physical form or otherwise as mentioned in the AASB 138/IFRS 3 as an identifiable non monetary asset without any physical existence like; Research and development by any company turning into internally generated intangible assets. Customer related intangible assets like Customer contracts, customer relationships, non contractual customer relationships, customer lists, etc. Contract related intangible assets like lease agreements, licensing agreements, broadcast and operating rights, etc. Marketing related intangible assets like internet domain names, newspaper mastheads, trademarks or trade name, etc. Technology related intangible assets trade secrets, computer software, patented technology, unpatented technology, databases, etc. Arts and culture related intangible assets are like literary works, television programmes, playwrights, copyrights, etc. The valuation Process: It is mentioned that only purchased capital items will not be considered as assets in the business but when an assets is created internally over a long period of time is also be termed as an assets and also known for its asset bearing features like it gives future benefits to the business and in the long run business gets to use this as an asset with different benefit bearing capacity. The report also says that there is a close association between the generation of assets and expenditure incurred but always they may not coincide with each other but may have separate existence (aasb, 2009). The large biomedical company making huge expenditure in their research and developments work is not in any single year or period but for the period which is stretched for some time or many years. The main purpose of the high expenditure in research and development is with the purpose of making great breakthrough in more vivid biological and medical discoveries that may be used for further betterment of human life or creating a better environment for mankind for getting over the medical or biological disadvantages the society is under. The internally generated assets may be a result of or arising out of planned usage of development and research phase of an internal project (charteredaccountants, 2016). The cost capitalisation is a mechanism followed for initially recognising different types of internally generated intangible assets under valuation based model. The cost thus capitalised may be adjusted to fair value during reporting time just by making it a certain step for accounting instead of measurement of such assets. This process may affect impairment of capitalised research and development costs other than research and development expenses. Under cost based model historical cost measurement is followed for internally generated assets. Cost based model is not a value indicator but may be used for initial measurement. Under fair value based model is used to determine the value for which the asset could be exchanged. Internally generated assets are of two types Planned assets and unplanned assets. By this manner the feature of such assets are determined for expected future economic benefits and control (DellAtti Pastorelli, 2006). Recognition of the internally generated assets is done if it helps in future economic benefits and the cost of value can be measured with all possible reliability. AASB 138, paragraph 21(b) refers that cost based model is best used for initial recognition of internally generated intangible assets. The future economic benefit to the company should flow from the assets. In the paragraph 22, it is clearly stated that the probability of expected future economic benefit should be valued based on the estimates of the management. AASB initially recognised that, intangible assets internally generated can be valued on fair value. Research costs are always in general concept incurred under IASB with a view to give rise to an asset which has ultimate potential to grow for national interest. Conclusion: The possible advantages and disadvantages of recognising internally generated intangible assets under AASB 138 will be as stated below; The main advantages of internally generated intangible assets is that the assets can be used in deferred manner to generate long term benefits in the business as a going concern which means that till the business is in operation. Another advantage of internally generated intangible assets is that it is in consistent with accountability of management enabling an assessment. The main disadvantages of not recognising internally generated intangible assets are that such assets will have high uncertainty in relation to future treatment of such assets; partial lack of control or excludability, non-recognition can cause serious harm problem and non-tradability. 3: Genesis of the amendment The main objective of the financial reporting is to have basic system of financial information and database for the purpose of control which will be useful to all stakeholders particularly investors existing and new , other creditors , lenders for making or taking decisions. All stakeholders like investors, lenders, creditors, taxpayers, other contributors are members of the community as a whole who wants basic information from all business where they have share and interest. For example that any new decision by parliament may be taken on the basis of information available from an industry so that the taxpayer can also take decision if they need to represent any such entity, also on such information will depend if the government can fund such entities or not. Suppliers will be also using such information to decide to supply further or not and mostly such information is very much useful for investors making investment for further growth of the entity. The net cash inflows for future projection are very important for potential investors as well for existing investors. The general information of an entity is required for the purpose of financial reports which will help to determine the future net cash inflows which will help creditors, lenders, investors, management, board of directors, etc. Financial reports used by management or board are always not useful to all stakeholders like existing and potential investors, lenders, creditors, etc as such reports will be presented to them by making it understandable to them. General purpose of financial reports is to provide all information to existing and potential investors, lenders, the creditors, management and governing board. All individual information seekers from a business have very different purposes (aasb, 2016). Main requirements prescribed by the amendment Economic resource and claims of an entity can help all users to find out the business entities financial strength and weaknesses and such information is very useful to determine the liquidity and solvency status of the entity. It also helps to determine if the entity is required to be financed additionally and if such finance is provided then the entity will prosper to what level and what way the finance will also arrive to the entity. Economic resources and claims determine future cash flows as a result of various outstanding like accounts receivable, etc. Different cash flows may come from several other resources to market and produce goods and services to various clients and customers. Financial performance determines the quantum of return an entity generates and such information is very much important to determine how the management faired to run the entity in the best possible manner. All details and information about the variability and return components will be required to be taken heed of (aasb, 2015). Financial performance is very much detailed by accrual accounting which is a reporting format for entitys economic resource enhancement. The effects of cash receipts and payments taking place in different periods are part of accrual accounting. Information about the entities about cash inflow and outflow, repayment of debt, general cash payments and dividends, repayment of debts and borrowed money determines the entitys operations, assessment of its liquidity, solvency and interpretation about financial performance. The consequential effects of the amendment The financial reports will furnish entitys economic information on its economic resources and conditions. The qualitative characteristics of useful financial information justify the types of information those are extremely useful to lenders, other creditors, existing and would be investors. A few financial reports included self explanatory material information which is just meant for management and board to take decisions for the future operations of the business. The financial information must be understandable, verifying, useful and present on right time and also comparable with previous similar periods for better analysis of the entire financial information provided in such reports for those particular entities (charteredaccountants, 2016). Faithful and relevant financial reports and statements are most important which are useful for taking decisions on the basis of values confirmed and predicted or anticipated. The anticipation value is used to look into the future of the entitys financial status and determines the future financial condition or say outcome of the financial impact in future. The reports should be faithful in nature which means that the reports can be error free, complete and correct or neutral. The reports should be absolutely transparent so that the management can be able to maximise the qualities achieved. Neutral report should be like unbiased reports without any partial inclination. Complete report means like reports with all basic data required understanding the entity correctly. Error free report means freeness from all possible unwanted errors. Thus Faithful report means exact report error free and perfectly accurate. References: aasb, 2009. Intangible Assets. [Online] Available at: https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content105/c9/AASB138_07-04_COMPjun09_07-09.pdf [30 Augustus 2016]. aasb, 2015. Conceptual Framework for Financial. [Online] www.aasb.gov.au Available at: https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content105/c9/ACCED264_06-15.pdf [30 Augustus 2016]. aasb, 2016. Conceptual framework. [Online] www.aasb.gov.au Available at: https://www.aasb.gov.au/Pronouncements/Conceptual-framework.aspx [30 Augustus 2016]. charteredaccountants, 2016. AASB 138 Intangible assets. [Online] Available at: https://www.charteredaccountants.com.au/Industry-Topics/Reporting/Australian-accounting-standards/Analysis-of-AASB-standards/AASB-138-Intangible-assets?standard= [30 Augustus 2016]. charteredaccountants, 2016. Conceptual framework. [Online] www.charteredaccountants.com.au Available at: https://www.charteredaccountants.com.au/Industry-Topics/Reporting/Current-issues/Conceptual-framework.aspx [30 Augustus 2016]. DellAtti, A. Pastorelli, E.S., 2006. ACCOUNTING FOR INTERNALLY GENERATED INTANGIBLE ASSETS ACCORDING TO AASB 138. [Online] www.academia.edu Available at: https://www.academia.edu/11781988/ACCOUNTING_FOR_INTERNALLY_GENERATED_INTANGIBLE_ASSETS_ACCORDING_TO_AASB_138 [30 Augustus 2016].

Do We Need More Space Essays - Spaceflight, Human Spaceflight

Do We Need More Space? Do we need more space? The National Aeronautics and Space Administration, or NASA for short, plays a necessary and vital role in human life. It provides economic stability for the country, the common-day luxuries we have all come to expect, medical discoveries and advances, an insurance policy for the planet, and fulfills mankind's eternal desire for exploration. Though there are many critics of the federally-funded space program, it indeed plays a central role in both the history and the future of the country. The space program is a major component in our country's economic stability. The industry generates more than $40 billion in annual exports, and almost $30 billion in positive balance of trade each year. (FAQs 1) The space program also supports nearly one million jobs. (FAQs 1) Yet, NASA's funding represents only about one penny out of every dollar in the US federal budget. This is down from a peak of about four cents during the height of the Apollo program in the late 1960's. (FAQs 1) The dissolution of NASA, along with destroying these one million jobs, would cost the country approximately $70 billion in revenue each year. New industries have been built on the technology that made space exploration possible, including personal computers, advanced medical equipment, and high-tech communications. NASA's research and development generates jobs, demand for goods and services, and new opportunities for further research and development. The space program had and continues to be a strong i nfluence on the economics and prosperity of the country. The applications of the space program have a profound effect on human life as we know it. In just a few short years, our lives have been significantly changed by space technology. The space program is responsible for the orbiting spacecraft that transmit information such as phone calls and television signals around the globe with speed and precision. Other satellites monitor the weather, and the world wide condition of the atmosphere. This provides advance warnings of major, possibly catastrophic, weather phenomena. Along with data on current weather patterns, satellites can forecast problems with the atmosphere that may create problems in the future. Present day satellite-based navigation systems aboard planes and boats enable people to determine their exact location and heading accurately. This improves safety and makes travel more efficient. In more ways than one, the space program has an immediate effect on many aspects of our life. Research by the space program into the medical sciences affects all people. NASA is currently running experiments aimed at improving our quality of life and life expectancy. For instance, the Visual Sciences Department is working on a premise that the weightlessness of space would have a positive effect on the retinas of the human eye, causing less blindness and poor eyesight in humans by negating the pull of gravity. (Vision 1) The Department of Immunology has a theory that the human immune system is strongly influenced by environmental factors such as pollution, and space living would increase the strength and immunity of humans. (Immune 1) Perhaps the largest area of study at this time is from the bone and calcium studies, relating bone loss to gravity, and noting how bones respond to weightlessness. (Calcium 1) These projects, along with countless others currently being studied, will have a lasting effect on humankind. A different, yet valid argument was made by Ms. Sylvia Engdah l, Professor in Space Studies at Princeton. Her view on the importance of space flight centers around the need for insurance for mankind. There are still very real possibilities that the earth could be destroyed by nuclear war, terrorist attacks, or even an asteroid. We all hope and believe that our homes won't burn down, and yet we buy fire insurance. Does not our species as a whole need an insurance policy? (Engdahl, 1) This is an interesting theory and a valid point, but we obviously have a ways to go before space is ready for a mass exodus from the planet earth. Historically, Americans have always been explorers. Going back to our Native Americans crossing the land bridge of present day Alaska, the Viking exploration of the east coast, Columbus, and fellow explorers looking for a passage to

Negotiation. Hofstedes Cultural Model in Negotiations

Negotiation. Hofstedes Cultural Model in Negotiations Introduction Negotiations are important avenues through which different parties can mutually agree to a solution after holding discussions. Negotiations are often held between interested parties with a view of achieving positive results at the end of the process. Culture may affect the level of success of a negotiation, particularly where the parties involved hail from different cultural backgrounds.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Negotiation. Hofstede’s Cultural Model in Negotiations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This paper seeks to discuss in detail the concept of negotiations by specifically analyzing the significance of Hofstede’s cultural model in negotiations, addressing impasses in negotiations, and examining relationships and their significance during negotiations. Hofstede’s Model of Culture and Its Impacts There are four dyads of cultural aspects, according to Hofstede’s cult ure differentiation model. These include masculinity against femininity, long term orientation against short term orientation, individualism against collectivism, and uncertainty avoidance index (Steers and Nardon 137). Masculinity against femininity focuses on a culture’s emotional roles distribution between the genders. Masculine cultures have specific characteristics, such as assertiveness, competitiveness, and power, whereas feminine cultures characteristically give more emphasis on quality of life. Examples of masculine societies include Germany and the USA, while Sweden is a feminine society (Steers and Nardon 137). Longs of collectivistic cultures include Latin America and Indonesia, while individualistic cultures include Australia and the Scandinavian countries (Steers and Nardon 137).  Uncertainty avoidance measures the scope of a people’s feeling of threat out of situations that are uncertain.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let 's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Where a society is considered as having low uncertainty avoidance, the subjects tolerate ambiguity and there is little need for regulations in order to put uncertainty into check. Examples of such societies include the United Kingdom and Singapore. High uncertainty avoidance societies, on their part, are intolerant where there is ambiguity, and it requires many regulations to control uncertainty. Such societies include Greece and France (Steers and Nardon 137). Significance on International/Multi-Cultural Negotiations Hofstede’s dimensions are significant in minimizing cultural conflicts between countries. There is a greater possibility of misunderstandings emerging where individuals from different societies meet for negotiations since cultural practices and beliefs vary. Through understanding this model, such misunderstandings are minimized because individuals get to learn about cultural practices of other countries and learn to appreciate them. Thus, participants will be keen on the verbal cues, as well as the non verbal cues that they choose during negotiations.  For instance, an American who is highly individualistic and who negotiates with an Indonesian may likely consider his personal interests as taking precedent in their discussions. The Indonesian, however, may shelve his own interests in favor of collective benefit. This may prompt the American to consider him a coward, which may not augur well for the negotiations. Understanding Hofstede’s cultural model, however, will make both parties understand and respect each other’s position in their negotiations. Impasses in Negotiations It is possible to determine the most appropriate time when negotiations would require third party involvements. Several pointers to this effect exist, including a stressful or emotional situation, when the participant lacks the appropriate expertise required for the negotiation, and when a participant’s strategy is failing. In the first instance, where the situation seems to be emotional, a participant’s rational thinking is likely to be affected by the situation. A third party involvement would, thus, help in making the discussions clearer to the advantage of the participant.  Lack of technical skills, on the other hand, may deprive a participant the advantage of negotiating from an informed position. A third party negotiator in this instance, therefore, would involve a person who is highly skilled in the aspects being negotiated and whose arguments are made from an informed position. A doctor, for instance, would argue on health matters from a point of understanding compared to the contributions that a teacher would give on the same topical issue (Dietmeyer 112).  Equally, when a negotiation strategy fails, it is important that a third party negotiator is involved in order to ensure the objectives are attained.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Negotiation. Hofstede’s Cultural Model in Negotiations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The third party negotiator must have adequate understanding on the negotiations such that it would be easy for him to employ alternative strategies until the anticipated results are achieved (Dietmeyer 112). Forms of Third Party Involvement Third parties may take part in negotiations through mediation or arbitration. While acting as mediators, the third party negotiator seeks to build up mutually satisfactory solutions such that the parties to the negotiations may easily arrive at a conclusion. For instance, a mediator would seek to establish an agreeable solution for both parties where workers withdraw their services because they demand a 50% increase in salaries, yet the employer can only add 20%. This may be done by suggesting a 30% pay increase. This would call for the workers to climb down from thei r initial position of 50%, while imploring on the employer to include an additional 10% to the previous position of 20%. Third parties may also participate in negotiations as arbitrators, where they act by dictating outcomes. Arbitrators enjoy immense powers because the solutions they offer to a negotiating party are final and have to be adopted even though they may not be acceptable. In an election dispute, for example, an arbiter may decide that a particular candidate is the winner and the solution offered will be allowed to stand even though the candidate ruled against may not be in agreement with the decision. Relationship Building and Negotiations Relational contexts during negotiations may be considered as integrative or distributive. In an integrative context of negotiation, the parties assume greater cooperation and trust and relations are given priority (Schermerhorn 350). This contrasts with a distributive context, where hard positions during the bargaining are adopted. Th e parties involved often lack past interactive relationships and are least expected to forge any interactive relationship (Schermerhorn 350). Manifestation of the negotiation process Negotiators in an integrative context focus more on value creation during the entire process. Their idea revolves around expanding the subject of their negotiation such that both parties may emerge as winners at the end of the process.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Each party begins the negotiating process by understanding the interests of the other party such that this takes the center stage rather than focusing on their individual arbitrary starting positions. Strict observation of the objectives is significant in achieving successful results for the whole process, even though the entire negotiation process will look at the issue at hand as a common problem (Schermerhorn 350). This negotiation process involves both parties seeking to outdo the other in order to benefit more. The parties regard each other as adversaries more than partners, with the negotiations adopting hard line positions from the onset (Schermerhorn 350). How to earn trust in a relationship One way through which parties to a negotiation can earn trust in order to bolster relationships is by minimizing on perceptions and the effects of stereotypes. Negative consideration of others will only create a counter reaction, which ends up creating conflict. Negotiators can adopt use of pleasant adjectives, such as honorable or brother, to portray their positive perception towards the other party (Movious and Susskind 98). Recognition of the other party’s legitimacy is also significant in earning trust and bolstering relationships in negotiations. This equally creates a situation where the other party considers its counterpart as legitimate, and therefore opens up fully without any kind of fear (Movious and Susskind 99). All the necessary details required during the process will be issued by both parties, making the negotiation healthy altogether. Number of Parties in Negotiations Types of parties Several types of parties involved in negotiations exist, including agents and constituencies, and negotiating dyad. Agents and constituencies refer to a negotiation type where the negotiator involved is acting on the behalf of another party. The individual involved in the actual negotiation is referred to as the agent, while those represented are the constituen cy (Gelfand and Brett 214). Another type of negotiation by party composition is the negotiating dyad, which involves two individuals actively and directly involved in the negotiations. Such negotiations often center on the needs and interests of the participants. The diagram below depicts a negotiating dyad structure. Source: Lewicki, Barry, and Saunders (2010) How the Parties Shape Pending Negotiations Agents begin by negotiating with the constituents whom they seek to represent in another negotiation, where the collective view of what is intended in the negotiation is determined. The agent next establishes a relationship with the other party in the negotiation in order to reach an agreement. Measures to lessen complexities in multi-party negotiation Complexities can be eliminated by ascertaining the compatibility of the two parties where constituents and agents are involved. This means both parties must be understanding each other properly and be ready to work together as agreed between them. The contract binding the two must also be clear. Clarity of the contract should involve spelling out the expectations properly and determining the terms and conditions of the cooperation. It is important to provide the agent with the discretion to design, as well as develop the overall negotiation process since he or she will assume the full responsibility of a party to a negotiation, thus the need to have the discretion. Conclusion Negotiations are part of an important discussion that brings together individuals or parties in their bid to achieve a common goal over a divergent issue. It is important for parties to a negotiation to prepare adequately before engaging each other in order to achieve quality negotiations. Preparations aim at creating trust and building relationships. Understanding the culture of parties involved in a negotiation is important as it aims at reducing conflicts that mainly occur through assumptions or stereotypes. It is important to include te rms and conditions of the relationship as a measure of reducing conflicts where third parties are involved. Dietmeyer, Brian. Strategic Negotiation: A Breakthrough Four-Step Process for Effective Business Negotiation. New York, NY: Kaplan Professional. 2004. Print Gelfand, Michele and Brett, Jeanne. The Handbook of Negotiation and Culture. Stanford, CA: Stanford University, 2004. Print. Lewicki, Roy, Barry Bruce, and Sauders David. Negotiation. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2010. Print. Movious, Hallam and Susskind Lawrence. Built to Win: Creating a World-Class Negotiating Organization. Boston, MA: Harvard, 2009. Print. Schermerhorn, John, R. Exploring Management. Danvers, MA: Wiley. 2010. Print. Steers, Richard M, and Luciara Nardon. Managing In The Global Economy. New York, NY: M.E. Sharpe, Inc, 2006. Print.

The Music & Entertainment Manager - research project proposal

The Music & Entertainment Manager - project - Research Proposal Example In recent times, one of these issues can be said to be online music piracy. The piracy of music generally refers to the act of copying and distributing copies of music for personal gain without the consent of legitimate copyright owners of the music (Kreitz & Niemela, 2010). Online music piracy can therefore be said to be the use of the internet or other online portals for music piracy activities (Chase, Mulvenon & Hachigian, 2006). Even though the effect of online music piracy can be appreciated to be vast and widespread, the research seeks to put a very specific spotlight on the entrepreneurial investment in the music industry. In effect, the research will look specifically at the impact or effect of online music piracy on the entrepreneurship and funding of music projects in the UK. As noted by Duckworth (2005), music as an industry is a well branded business which require a lot of financial investment to succeed. But as to whether the issue of online music piracy is a disincentiv e for entrepreneurs is a question that the research will explore. The aim of the study will be to find the direct effect of online music piracy on music entrepreneurship and funding of music projects in UK. To achieve this aim, the following specific objectives will be targeted. There is a historical context to the effect of online music piracy on sales where The Institute for Prospective Technological Studies, which is part of the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre, published a report suggesting that online music piracy does not hurt sales (Ernesto, 2013). Since this publication, there have been several other academic and professional discourses to debate the real economic impact of online music piracy on the music industry as a whole. The proposed study there comes with the significance of contributing to the ongoing public discourse. The study will add much economic contexts to the subject by looking at how

Data Backup and Life Cycle Restore in the Enterprises and Companies Research Proposal

Data Backup and Life Cycle Restore in the Enterprises and Companies - Research Proposal Example w data base management systems (DBMS) perform the backup/restore operations, How about the automatic and manual backup, what's the data will been restored regarding the network limitation of bandwidth and work time and How we can construct a strong Disaster recovery plan. All these point will be discussed and covered in my research. This dissertation has not made possible without the help of some key persons who in one way or the other help succeed in the completion of this paper. To Mr./Ms. (insert name of adviser or instructor), who served as my adviser and instructor with this paper. He had not just thought me to do the technical part but also encouraged and gave me challenge in the field of study I practised. Thank you for being a mentor all the way. With this, I would like to take the opportunity to thank as well to my parents and friends who are always there to lend a helping hand. And, to my classmates who shared time and experiences along the duration of school years, thank you all. March 4, 2007 Table of Contents Data Backup System Over Networks 1 Sam 1 Abstract 1 Abstract 1 Acknowledgements 2 Acknowledgements 2 Table of Contents 3 Table of Contents 3 List of Figures 4 List of Figures 4 1 Introduction 5 2 Backup and Recovery 8 3 Backups and Tape Storage 14 4 Network Disaster Recovery 20 5 Conclusion 21 References 23 References 23 Appendix 1: Dissertation Proposal 25 Appendix 1: Dissertation Proposal 25 List of Figures Figure 1. Information Security Policy and Procedure Hierarchy 13 Figure 2.Prototype Set-up of Data Backup Over Network 17 1 Introduction In this e-centric day and age of organisations have come to rely on IT infrastructures not just and aid to business, but for some, as the core of their business. Safe, secure, and reliable computing and telecommunications are essential to these organisations. As these organisations begin to understand the importance of information security and data backup, they are developing security programs that are often under the direction of the CIO. This program includes more than just people and technology 1.1 Background and Context In the field of information technology, backup refers to the replication of data so that these supplementary copies may be restored after a data loss event. Backups are useful above all for two purposes: to restore a computer to an operational state subsequent a catastrophe (called disaster recovery) and to restore small numbers of files after they have been accidentally deleted or corrupted. Backups are at variance from archives in the sense that archives are the primary copy of data and backups are a secondary copy of data. Backup systems differ from fault-tolerant systems in the sense that

Leadership, Coaching and Mentoring Scrapbook Essay

Leadership, Coaching and Mentoring Scrapbook - Essay Example The benefit of experiential learning is to give learners active involvement and better problem solving skills through the effort (Merriam, Caffarella and Baumgartner 2007). This type of learning involves â€Å"a direct encounter with phenomenon being studied rather than just thinking about solutions to a problem† (Brookfield 1990, p.71). I felt privileged to understand how experiential learning can be beneficial by giving employees a purpose for learning. So, I thought about experiential learning and how it could be applied to a real-world organisation. This would be a critical learning process especially in an organisation where there is no real moral accountability and in a decentralised business that needs better human capital. Some organisations need positivist learners, those who understand moral accountability and its importance to business growth and reputation. Many organisations need employees and managers that consider ethics and morals. Much of this cannot always be learned through instruction and lecturing. For example, if many Wall Street firms had been more up front and ethical about their business practices in recent years it is likely the Occupy Wall Street situation would not have occurred. I think that experiential learning, such as role playing, would give employees more knowledge about ethical behaviours by exposing them to different situations where ethical responses are needed. I was able to review more research data on experiential learning and found through the analysis that it has more positive gains than negative outcomes. Businesses need to have a culture that is devoted to ethics and morality as described the lecture materials. According to Fairholm (2009), a leader must inspire vision and mission, be visionary and also teach others through inspiration. This is known as transformational leadership style. If more organisations such as Wall Street investment firms had moral accountability learned through role playing, they would be better off in representing the moral interests of shareholders and other stakeholders. Role playing as experiential learning actually creates more interest in learning than through just instruction (Poorman 2002). I really found this to be interesting in experiential

Siddhartha Essay on Enlightenment

Siddhartha Essay on Enlightenment Siddhartha, a man looking for enlightenment, was able to find it among a river. It took Siddhartha many years and several failed attempts to obtain his own personal enlightenment. His first attempt was to explore the traditional religious path to enlightenment. Siddhartha realized that the religious scripts were not how he was going to find enlightenment. Next, he decided that he would become a Samana to attempt to obtain enlightenment. This also proved a futile attempt and he eventually fled the Samana lifestyle. After that did not work, he went to the Buddha in hope that he could help with his journey to enlightenment. Once again, Siddhartha was unable to find or even further his quest to enlightenment. Siddhartha would now become a worker to see if this could put him on the right path to enlightenment. This effort would also prove to be a vain attempt as it pushed him further away from his goal than ever. After this attempt, Siddhartha believed that there was no way to achieve enl ightenment and began to believe that his life was meaningless. When all was looking down and he was beginning to give up, Siddhartha wandered into a man named Vasuveda, a ferryman. It was this river, with its calming sound and natural beauty, in which Siddhartha obtained enlightenment. Siddhartha attempted to accept the way to enlightenment as described by religious text, but the restrictions were too many and he rejected their ideas. Siddharthas father attempted to pressure his son into accepting the religious texts ideas, but Siddhartha knew better. One must find the source within ones own self, one must possess it. This quote comes from Siddharthas youth and he states that one must find their own path to enlightenment. After realizing that his fathers religious text was not going to lead him to enlightenment, he decided to try and find enlightenment elsewhere. Siddhartha chose to leave his family and he decided that he would attempt to obtain enlightenment as a Samana. Siddhartha left to become a Samana during his quest for enlightenment. He lost his Self a thousand times and for days on end he dwelt in nonbeing. This quote speaks of how Siddhartha became a Samana and he felt that in fasting and prayer that he was becoming numb and, with each consecutive day, that he was furthering himself from his goal of reaching enlightenment. Siddhartha practiced self-denial and meditation according to the Samana rules. While a Samana, he chose to fast for days and weeks upon end without food or water. Siddhartha began to feel that he was living a pointless life and that he was wasting precious time. What is meditation? What is abandonment of the body? What is fasting? What is the holding of breath? Siddhartha asked these questions to Govinda when he began to realize that the Samana ways of life were not going to bring him to enlightenment. Siddhartha realized that the Samana ways of life were actually pulling him further away from his journey to enlightenment. This is when Siddhartha realized that a change was in order. After this failure, he fled the Samana way of life and became a follower of the Buddha. Siddhartha realized that he needed to find another way to attempt enlightenment. He found this new way in the Buddhas teachings. Siddhartha went to the Buddha expecting to learn something that would promote his quest towards enlightenment. However, it did not take Siddhartha long to understand that the Buddhas teachings were just useless words. After listening to Gotama Buddha, Siddhartha realizes that enlightenment cannot be taught or learned but can only be achieved through personal experience. This quote exemplifies the thought that Siddhartha cannot truly learn anything from the Buddha as all he can give him are words. Siddhartha, after speaking with the Buddha, believes that he must obtain enlightenment through actions, not words. Nirvana is not a thing, there is only the word Nirvana. Siddhartha said this to Govinda when he realized that the Buddhas teachings could not further his knowledge or help him on his way to enlightenment. Siddhartha has discovered that comforting secre t that a teacher is unnecessary. This quote occurs when Siddhartha realizes that the Buddha, or any teacher, cannot further him on his quest to enlightenment. Siddhartha leaves the Buddhas words behind and travels to find another way. Siddhartha travels along his way and comes upon a woman named Kamala. Siddhartha feels that he may be able to help him along his path to enlightenment. Kamala is where Siddhartha learns sensual pleasure. Kamala derails Siddhartha from his Siddhartha, on the brink of death, finds the fountain of youth in a mere river. Siddharthas only goal was to become empty of everything. Siddhartha wished to become empty and then he would be reborn, enlightened. He is dissatisfied with the ritual and the worship of the Gods. Siddhartha, at this point, was disgruntled with everyone elses teaching and the river was different. The river was the one place he could go and listen, but there was no teaching to be heard. The river held no biases and told not of how to obtain enlightenment, but instead it taught Siddhartha that all he had to do to obtain enlightenment is to listen. The new Siddhartha felt a deep love for this flowing water and decided that he would not leave it again so quickly. This quote comes after Siddhartha had attempted to commit suicide in the river. Siddhartha realized that the river had given him new life and he needed to use it carefully. After he awoke from his sleep, he realized how beautiful the river was and ho w simplistic it was. Siddhartha was enlightened because he now desired to live a simple life and his desire for enlightenment was gone. That is it, said Siddhartha, and when I learned that, I reviewed my life and it was also a river, and Siddhartha the boy, Siddhartha the mature man, and Siddhartha the old man, were separated by shadows, not through reality This quote states that Siddhartha realizes that his life is just like a river, every moment is not separated by reality. Instead every moment is merely separated by shadows, or minute moments. This realization is one of the keys to obtaining enlightenment.

Radioactive Isotopes Essay -- Chemistry Atoms Energy Essays

Radioactive Isotopes I never thought nuclear energy would play a role in my life, but that was until two years ago when my family was hit with horrifying news. A close friend of ours was diagnosed with breast cancer. Because of a new technology called radiation therapy or radiotherapy, my mother’s best friend is alive today. Radiotherapy is produced by a form of nuclear energy called radioactive isotopes. The class EGEE 101 has educated me about the subject of nuclear energy, but I wanted to take it a step further and discover how nuclear energy plays a role in medicine. Radioactive isotopes are radioactive atoms of common elements like carbon, cobalt, phosphorus, or sodium. Radioactive isotopes are located in â€Å"atomic ash† that is left behind after uranium atoms are split in a â€Å"nuclear pile.† Some radioactive isotopes are produced from the exposure of common elements to powerful radiation inside a nuclear reactor during fission (Nuclear Energy 2005). Fission occurs when an atom’s nucleus splits into two or more smaller nuclei, producing a large amount of energy. Radioactive isotopes release radiation in the form of beta and gamma rays. The strength of the radiation is relative to the rate where radioactive material decays. Because of this, different radioisotopes can be used for different purposes, depending on their strength. (Nuclear Energy 2005). Radioactive isotopes have led to what some are calling â€Å"nuclear medicine.† This type of medicine uses the radioactive isotopes to prevent, diagnose, and treat many diseases. During nuclear medicine diagnosing methods, a small amount of radioactive matter is penetrated into the body. The radioactive materials are attracted to cer... .... Radioisotopes in Medicine. May 2004. Uranium Information Centre Ltd. 4 Apr. 2005 . â€Å"Nuclear Energy.† Britannica Student Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia Britannica Online 4 Apr. 2005 . â€Å"Nuclear Engineering.† Encyclopedia Britannica. 2005. Encyclopedia Britannica Online 4 Apr. 2005 . Schenter, Robert. Nuclear Medicine Research Council. 18 Nov. 1998. Nuclear Medicine Research Council. 4 Apr. 2005 . Schenter, Robert. What Is Nuclear Medicine. 21 Sept. 1999. Nuclear Medicine Research Council. 4 Apr. 2005 . What Is Radiation Therapy. Dec. 2003. Your Medical Source. 4 Apr. 2005 .

Plastic bags Essay

Plastic can be defined as: any group of synthetic or natural organic materials that may be shaped when soft, which will later harden. Plastic has been around for more than 150 years. In 1839 Charles Goodyear accidently discovered the process of vulcanization, the process of making rubber more durable, which evolved into the creation of plastics later on. In 1846, Swiss chemist Charles Schonbein discovered how to produce the plastic polymer known as celluloid. In 1909, chemist Leo Baekeland created Bakelite, the first true synthetic polymer that could be molded and shaped into a solid object. Due to the scientific discoveries of these men, one of the most used materials in the world to this day was created. In the United States plastic materials are used in both industrial and commercial life. It is a material that is largely integrated into today’s common lifestyle, and can be used in many product areas. The creation of plastic was scientifically ground breaking, however there are consequences to using this moldable material. New York is a city that generates a lot of revenue for the state. With many stores, businesses, and busy people the use of plastic materials is a luxury. Without even realizing it, the people of New York City use plastic materials more than they think they do. Such as, the early morning business man who commutes to Wall Street to go to work. He takes the subway within the city, using a metro card. He then sits on the plastic seats inside the train, then gets a coffee in a plastic cup at a nearby cafà ©. He goes into the office and then sits on his office chair which can be made up of plastic material. Since plastic materials are used frequently in our daily lives, I believe it should be banned as a good first step in reducing the use of plast ic materials. New Yorkers should strive to lessen the use of plastic by replacing plastic bags with other material alternatives, such as biodegradable or reusable bags. Plastic bags are very popular with both retailers and consumers because they are inexpensive, sturdy, lightweight, functional, and hygienic in means of carrying food as well as other goods. Even though they are modern conveniences that make our lives easier, they are responsible for causing pollution, killing wildlife, and using up the precious resources of the earth. Americans use up to a billion plastic bags per year. However, we do not realize the harm that plastic bags emit. For instance, plastic bags are among the items that are non-biodegradable. It can take up to thousands of years for plastic to decay  into small pieces. This is because decomposing bacteria cannot feed on plastic. Companies that produce plastic bags deplete Earth of its natural resources. Most common plastic bags are made from polyethylene. This material is made from crude oil and natural gas. These resources need to be conserved and the production of plastic bags does the opposite, thus lessening the already limited amount of natural resources. Plastic bags are difficult and costly to recycle and most of the time ends up on landfill sites where they take a long period of time to decay. They b reak down into toxic particles that contaminate the soil, they also impact the waterways by clogging up gutters and drains causing water and sewage to overflow and become the breeding grounds of germs and bacteria that cause diseases. It is also easy for plastic bags to enter the food chain when animals accidentally consume them. Plastic bags are amongst the top items of debris most often to be found along coastlines. Animals and sea creatures are hurt and killed by discarded plastic bags because they mistake plastic bags for food. Plastic clogs their intestines and leads to slow starvation. Others can become entangled in plastic bags and drown. These are all-important factors that have a profound effect on our environment and the organisms we share our planet with. We should not put our own selfish needs before the needs of everything around us, and the lives of future generations. Society’s involvement with plastic bags is harmful to humans and the environment. This can be looked at as a chain effect because eventually if one factor of an environment becomes greatly affected then it will affect many other factors, all leading up to catastrophic effects. Such as, if plastic bags are overused in the future, there is a chance of reduction of the fish and wildlife population. This can contribute to the v arious diets that humans have. Also, if plastic bags are continued to be overly manufactured and take up a lot of natural resources, it will take thousands of years for Earth to naturally replenish these natural resources. Thus, society will have a decrease in the use of natural gas. For example in New York, some city buses are run on natural gas. This is why plastic bag banning should be a public concern. If New York can reduce the amount of plastic material it uses, then why not? However, one might say that no one has the right to tell New Yorkers that they cannot use a plastic bag. There is a misconception about plastic bag ban regulations. Some feel that a plastic bag ban imposes on  individual rights. However, they do not take away individual rights. Instead, a plastic bag ban regulation ensures individual rights. Individual rights can be defined as the rights held by individual people. Being able to choose and have choices in certain situations fall under having individual rights. The plastic bag ban regulations ensure individual rights because a bag ban forces the retailer to give a choice. The laws prohibit retailers from giving you a plastic bag. By prohibiting retailers from giving away pla stic bags, society then must figure out another way to get their goods home. As an individual you can go buy all the plastic bags that you want. No law prohibits you from doing this. However, you will pay for those plastic bags. Society has been given plastic bags by the merchant when we purchase their goods. It has become a convenience. However, in reality, we have always paid for those bags. The merchant has to figure the cost of the bags into the stores budget. They add a few cents to the goods to pay for the bags. For example, if the cost of milk is $3.26 the retail merchant will increase the price by a couple of cents to pay for his profit for the plastic bags. The retail merchant has to pay a cost when they buy the plastic bags from the factories that produce them. In fact, one statistic says you pay around $50 per year for those â€Å"free† plastic bags. With a plastic bag ban, everyone has a choice. Without a ban, everyone pays. If you want a bag, then you pay for it. That is what makes it a choice. Dozens of countries and cities around the world, including 47 towns in California alone, have adopted laws for banning plastic bags. The factors that convinced them to ban the plastic bags were that cities must spend a lot of money to clean up the bags and the damages caused by them. This is money that would be better spent elsewhere. Also, plastic bags are a threat to the environment, polluting waterways and other natural areas and killing off animals. Many activists say that banning plastic bags will redirect funds to come up with alternatives to plastic. In San Jose, California, it costs about $1 million a year to repair recycling equipment jammed with plastic bags. San Francisco estimates that to clean up, and recycle landfill plastic bags costs 17 cents a bag, or approximately $8.5 million a year. A ban would save approximately $18 to $30 per person annually. Bans are often considered a government attack on private business. With plastic bags  it is a product that is naturally flawed. The bags are lightweight, aerodynamic, indestructible, and made specifically to be easily discarded. Hence the reason why they can easily be found floating in the streets. The universal plastic bag serves many purposes, but it is not irreplaceable. With a ban on disposable plastic bags, consumer demand will shift toward alternatives, such as biodegradable bags, this will lead to opportunities for entrepreneurs. Companies that manufacture reusable bags will continue to grow and expand their product lines, and will create environmentally friendly jobs. The sale of reusable bags will also generate sales tax income, unlike the disposable bags, which are given away. It is time New York City joins the banning of plastic bags, and uses its money on education, roads and firefighters and not cleaning up the plastic industry’s mess. Many people who feel strong about the banning of plastic bags are able to influence others and show them the harm that the innocent looking plastic bag produces. Special interest groups such as Ban the Bag, established in Portland, Oregon has such a powerful message for getting rid of plastic bags that it was able to make huge strides in the cutting down of plastic usage. These types of organizations give a positive outlook for advancement in the reduction of using plastic products. Not only do these interest groups bring awareness to people, they help influence certain debates persuading why plastic bags should be banned. They also bring success stories. In the United States, attempts by legislators to ban or restrict the use of plastic bags have been derailed several times in recent years by the lobbying efforts of the plastic manufacturers. But recently, as of October 15, 2011, the City of Portland has banned single-use plastic bags at major grocery outlets. A similar ban has gone into effect in cities such as San Francisco and Washington, D.C. In Washington D.C., as of January of 2010 a five-cent fee went into effect, the result was seen in only five months with a 60 percent reduction in plastic bag litter in the Anacostia River. The more people know about the effects of plastic bags through interest groups the faster we can get New York City to ban them, and add New York City to the list of success stories for banning plastic bags. Plastics are one of the world’s most commonly used materials. Everyone has seen, touched, smelled, and used plastics. It is so commonly used that many don’t think about what life would be like without plastics. Since plastic is so heavily produced it makes sense to reduce the production of it. New York has to take the first step for the benefit of people, animals, the environment and the future and ban plastic bags.

Patient Safety and Quality Essay

The nurse involved with the caring for this family needs to be open to facts of the situation at hand by realizing that it is going to be a period of stress on Susie. At the same time, the goal is to make sure that Susie prioritizes her daily activities which will involve all three of caring for her children, taking in the additional demands of assisting her mother and promoting her health, and of course making sure her career is also focused on. As it is, Susie is overwhelmed and the nurse will need to help the family overcome any additional stress points as well as the specific illness related to her mother and so the nurse will prioritize as well. Since Susie seems to manage the household, the nurse will need to make her the key point of contact with the steps involved with making sure the family stays healthy during this period of additional anxiety. As it has happened now with her mother coming in to the family, she will need to adapt to a new lifestyle that has new demands of caretaking as described in the family structural theory. Family structural theory is a theory where a family is an open and social cultural system, which reacts and adapts to the demands placed (Grand Canyon University). This theory would be best applied by the nurse recognizing the rules and roles the family currently has and how they will need to change to encourage health promotion. Developmental stages give opportunities to family members to realize their potential (Edelman & Mandle, 2010). With the children also being a priority to take care, Stage four of the Family Developmental Theory will be applied. Perhaps the nurse will need to better understand through Susie what the latter’s keys to success have been from Stage 1-3 to better help take care of the kids through this. Through these types of conversations, the nurse can help promote health throughout their family by better understanding how the cope with particular situations and helping apply new methods of care. Health promotion can best be accomplished when the nurse focuses on Susie first and then the rest of the family so that Susie can also take care of the family. Health education includes all family members, with learning activities according to each individual. General teaching goal will be same but the approaches and specific goals will be different for each family member. A nurse will have to provide different teaching to each family member. To promote health for Mrs. Jones, nurse can make a plan explaining how Mrs. Jones need to function at her highest level of capacity physically, psychologically, culturally, and spiritually. To promote Susie’s health, nurse will have to educate her on social roles, financial and occupational responsibilities, and reassessing life goals. School aged children health can be promoted by educating on staying away from harmful and unsafe environments such as drug and alcohol abuse. Also, allowing school aged children participate in family conversations and allowing them to speak increases their self-esteem which can be beneficial to Susie to decrease stress. References Edelman, C., & Mandle, C. L. (2010). Health promotion throughout the life span (7th ed.). St. Louis: Mosby. â€Å"The Form and Function of The Family.† (2011). Grand Canyon Universtiy, Phoenix, AZ.

Write a Book About Your Business to Boost Your Sales and Awareness

Write a Book About Your Business to Boost Your Sales and Awareness Write a Book About Your Business to Boost Your Sales and Awareness So you have a business that you are rather proud of. That’s fantastic! And what would make things even better would be writing a book about your business.Why not? After all, you have already created a vital business, and helping others would validate your trade and diversify it as well. A published book is passive income.In addition to becoming an author, you would be marketing your business through a different venue. We’re talking win-win here!Heres what well teach you about how to write a book about your business:Brainstorm Your Book ContentConsiderations for Writing a Book About Your BusinessChoosing a Title for Your BookWrite Your book Get Feedback From FriendsFinish Fast and ImperfectlyCreate folders for imagesChoose a publishing platformNOTE: If youre ready to grow your business by writing a book (like Chandler Bolt did with this very company), we have everything you need in our VIP Self-Publishing Program. Learn more about it hereWhy Write a Book About Your Busin ess?This is an obvious question. You already run your business every day, what good could come from writing a book about it?Here are some benefits of writing a book about your business:You gain authorityYou reach new potential customersYou gain opportunities for speaking engagementsYou can capture more leads by using your bookYou gain credibility to both potential customers and others in your fieldThis very blog is built on the back of a website that was started with a book. Chandler Bolt published his first bestselling book at the age of 19 and since, has built an 8-figure business from the process- while using his latest book Published. to make it more successful.Brainstorm Your Business Books ContentYou have already experienced the step-by-step process of establishing your own livelihood whether it is full time or a sideline. Now all you have to do is explain what you did to grow your business.One strategy is to pretend you are advising a close friend what steps to take.Here are some ways to come up with your book idea:Brainstorm a random list of everything you remember doing when you started your business.Don’t stop now; keep brainstorming! List everything you want to include in the bookand even things that won’t go in the book. If it crosses your mind, write it down. Well put all of that into a book outline later.Take a break. Walk away from the computer! Eat, drink, walk, or talk.Break’s over. You’ve got a book to write!List the process of how you created and grew your business in chronological order. This list is your reference point for an informal outline and table of contents.Prioritize. What are the top topics that you want to emphasize in your book? What do you wish you would have known when first starting your business? Most importantly, what will your readers gain from learning about your business? Let them learn from your mistakes and share in your successes.Make each topic a separate chapter even if it is really shor t.People like concise information, so keep your paragraphs short. Incorporate bullet points that shoot straight to the core matter for easier skimming.Look through old computer files and photographs to remind you of things that you may have forgotten connected directly or indirectly with your business.Check your lists more than twice. Did you remember to include everything that matters?Once youve got the gist of what content your book will be, youll be ready for the next step in your business-to-book writing process.What to Consider When Writing a Book About Your BusinessThere are a few things youll want to think about when writing your book about your business.Here are some thins to consider before writing your book.#1 Do I want photographs in my book?Depending on your business, you may find it worthwhile to add pictures in your book for explanation purposes or something just as relevant.For example, in my book Rockin Crystals: How Healing Crystals Can Rock Your Life, I used image s in a number of areas as you can see below.Advantages of using images in your book:Color pictures add, um, color, and people like color.Photos attract interest and authority.Pictures explain in ways that words lack (unless you use 1,000 words per picture, according to the cliche).Cell phones and their apps make it easy to take and edit pictures.Disadvantages of using pictures in your book:They add to your book’s production costs.The electronic version may take a bit longer to download (but I have never had a problem with that).If you have an audio version of your book, the pictures would not be included in the content.Ultimately, its up to you to decide whether or not to include pictures. If it adds to the overall experience, we recommend it.However, if pictures will only be a distraction and not useful, skip them.#2 How long do I want this book to be, anyway?Does it matter, or do I just write until I am done?This is a question many authors have regularly. How many words ar e in a novel?For writing a book about your business, we recommend you write between 20,000 50,000 words.This is because any shorter, and it wont give your readers all the information they want and more than 50,000 words and you run the risk of boring your readers or giving them too much information.This is also known as overwriting, which can be trimmed during editing but you want to make sure your book is a clean, concise, and helpful as possible.#3 Do I want multiple formats of a book?Publishing your book in different formats can help you reach a wider audience. But that also means you have to decide if you want to pursue multiple formats.Here are the different book formats you can publish:Publish an ebookPaperback bookHardcoverAudiobooksEach of these book variations comes with its own pros and cons. For example, if you choose to distribute an audiobook, youll have to learn how to make an audiobook in the first place.Publishing ebooks also comes with its own set of rules to foll ow.Ultimately, its recommended to publish a version of each in order to maximize your audience, but do what works best for you.Choosing a Title for Your BookPeople like knowing other people’s business. Call them curious, call them snoopy, just call to them to buy your book to learn about your business. Teach them your secrets.Here are some overall tips for titling a book from the Self-Publishing School Youtube Channel. If you want some additional tips for choosing a book title, heres what worked for me:A book about a business is a niche market, so make sure that your title makes the topic clear. For example, The Craft Fair Vendor Guidebook lets the reader know that the book is a guide about being a craft fair vendor. The subtitle, Ideas to Inspire, adds another element to the reader’s expectations. The cover’s photograph shows a booth with handcrafted jewelry, another clue.In your book’s description, clearly explain what type(s) of business you will be co vering. People like to know what to expect and may feel tricked if the book’s description isn’t comprehensive enough. A suggestion is to write your book’s description before writing the book. It’s like a â€Å"thesis paragraph† to keep yourself focused. You can keep revising the overview to fit the book as it develops. Also, that gives you more time to decide if the description is its absolute best before uploading it onto your publishing site.Spell out examples of how your business practices can be applied to other ventures. The more crossover applications, the more types of people will be interested in your book.Although you want all of the book to be appealing, you want the first pages to be extra engaging because those are the pages that potential readers will see if they use the â€Å"Look inside† feature on Amazon.If you searched for a book about someone else’s business, what details did you want to learn? Cover these topics in your book and then some- bonus points if you use a unique take on them.Writing a Book About Your BusinessNow that youve got to the meat of what youre writing about, you have a clear outline for your book, and you even have a title on hand, its time to write your book.These are my best tips for writing a book about your business in order to get it right.#1 Look over your brainstorming notesIt always pays to have your notes handy in case there are items you forgot about that are beneficial to include.Heres a few things to keep in mind when going back over your notes:Are there any important pieces of information that didnt make it into the outline?What bits and pieces of your notes can make your book more unique than others on the market?Is there anything you feel you need in your book that you didnt include in the outline before?Once youve got those notes, move on to the next step.#2 Get feedback from friendsTell a friend who doesn’t know much about business about your book.N otice the questions your friend asks because readers will most likely have the same questions. These are very important to take note of because theyre what youll directly answer and address in your book.Take those questions and create sections in your chapters to answer them specifically.#3 Develop a writing time and habitThe best way youll get your book done is to form a writing routine that will enable you to finish your book faster.You can set a scheduled time each day to write and notify those around you that it is your time to work on your book.These are our top tips for developing a writing habit:Create a writing schedule like the one featured aboveEliminate distractions that will keep you from writingFind a writing space thats 100% dedicated to writing your bookStick with it for the first few weeks before it forms into a habitFind others who can keep you accountableForming this habit can be the hardest part of writing a book about your business- especially because your busin ess takes up a lot of time.Using these tips will help.#4 Finish fast and with faultWorry about grammar laterbut please do worry about it later- editing your book is important!I recommend just plowing through in order to finish your first draft faster. After all, done is better than perfect.Plus, you cant edit a blank page and one of the biggest indicators of success for aspiring authors is finishing your first draft.#5 Create folders for imagesThis is a very important part of keeping all of your books contents organized so you dont make the mistakes of losing something thats vital.If you are going to have pictures, create folders to keep them organized.You can use Google Drive to store all of your photos so its easier to collaborate with your book formatter or editor.Another option is to use Dropbox for storing photos for your book.You can read about more pieces of writing software you can use for writing your book as well.The big takeaway with storing your images in folders, howe ver, is that you know exactly where everything is and can keep track of it through the proofing, editing, and publishing process.#6 Choose a publishing platformIf you are going to publish your book through more than one platform, definitely have folders to keep everything straight, like in the image below.Here are a few publishing platforms you can use:Amazon Kindle Direct PublishingBarnes and Noble PressIngramsparkLuluThere are other self-publishing companies out there but these are the top recommended.Another thing to keep in mind when choosing your publishing platform is that KDP and Barnes and Noble offer free ISBNs (only for distribution on their channels), while Ingramspark does not.However, Self-Publishing School students are recommended to buy unique ISBNs anyways, so you can distribute on multiple platforms in the future.#7 Read each chapter aloudYou can do this to yourself or even to others to see how it flows and to see what questions or suggestions your listeners may h ave.The reason for this is because you can often catch a lot of issues like your style, flow, or even sentence structure when reading aloud that you wont catch if you read it in your head.This is a great way to proof and self-edit your book.#8 Just keep writing Until you have covered everything important, just keep writing. Its the best way to write faster and finish your first draft.Dont think about anything else and just write.When you start worrying about your book or how itll be received, cast the thoughts aside and get back to it. Youll never publish a book if you cant finish it.#9 Proofread and reviseThe next step for writing a book about your business is to proofread it and reviseuntil you cant stand to look at your book any longer.Make notes in areas you want to change or you want your editor to pay special attention to.A great way to do this is to type TK into the text of your document so you can later do a search and find all TKs in your manuscript. This will only bring up those areas for you to rewrite or proof because TK doesnt appear next to each other in the English language.#10 Get feedback on the whole bookAsk people to give you feedback on the full book. They need to have excellent grammar skills and be detail-oriented.This is also known as the beta reading process or less commonly, the alpha reading process.The idea here is to have others give you direct and raw feedback about your book and what you can do to make it better.Here are some questions to ask people giving you feedback on your book:Was everything clear and easy to understand?What was your biggest takeaway from it?Did you find any parts boring or slow?What other feedback do you have that I didnt ask you about?Doing this will help ensure your published product is the best it can be for new readers.#11 Let it sitWhen you feel like you are done, don’t look at your manuscript for days, maybe even a week or two. Then go back with fresh eyes.You will find more errors to fix!Th e reason for this is to separate yourself from your work a bit. The longer youre away from your own work, the easier it is to determine its flaws, which will help you write a better book overall.#12 Publish Your Book About Your BusinessWhen you believe that your book is at its best, it is time to publish it.Search for the advantages and disadvantages of the publishing options and make your decision. Obviously, Im a big proponent of self-publishing a book, but you can check out this blog post about the differences between self-publishing vs traditional publishing.From there, you can prepare a launch party and gather your launch team. Upload your book and congratulate yourself! Exciting days are ahead!Are you ready to write your own book about your business?You can start TODAY! Check out this free training by Chandler Bolt to get started.

Analysing the strategic situation of a company Essay

Analysing the strategic situation of a company - Essay Example The main strengths of the company are strong management, loyal customers, acquisitions and financial position. The analysis has identified lack of diversification and failure to embrace technology in management as some of the weaknesses of BAT. The company faces threats from competitors. The corporate strategies adopted by BAT include acquisitions, manufacturing of products that meet the purchasing power of diverse customers and taking initiative to develop voluntary standards. The main strategic issues BAT are on forecasting demand as this varies greatly and restrictive legislations. The recommended actions include adaption of technology in the supply chain and invest more resources in research and development. In almost all parts of the world, tobacco is consumed and cigarettes are the most iconic of tobacco consumption (Moerman and Van, 2005, p. 375). According to Moerman and Van (2005, p. 375), cigarette smokers always strive to satisfy their craving for them as they do in case of hunger. This makes the industry post high annual revenues. Cigarette is a simple object made from shredded tobacco rolled on a paper and it was invented in the nineteenth century. Cigarettes emerged in first half of the nineteenth century in France and Spain. By 1830s, France was producing hand rolled cigarettes but this was later overtaken by pipe tobacco and snuffs that was being consumed US (Thompson, 2004, p. 21). This was followed by various developments in the industry that eventually led to the formation of a well-organized tobacco industry with several players. One of the major companies in the tobacco industry is the British American Tobacco (BAT). Tobacco industry contributes significantly to the eco nomic development of countries globally through employment and tax. However, the industry faces huge opposition from health organization given that smoking causes

Organisational disasters occur as a result of ineffective decision Essay

Organisational disasters occur as a result of ineffective decision making. Assess the validity of this claim with reference to at least two different organisational disasters - Essay Example The need for continuous monitoring at every level of management is especially important because more than one level of management can be involved. Organisational disasters can be explained as a breakdown caused by organisational processes or procedures. Organisational disasters can be caused by conscious organisational activities and administrative evil, normal accident and safety and risk. The rapid growth of technology and the dramatically falling cost of computing capability means that more and more aspects of managerial planning and decision making can be assisted by information technology provided, of course, that the information system is developed in accordance with properly defined objectives and principles. Thus, it does not guarantee safety and effective planning so important for modern organisations. Following Edwards and Wajcman (2005) organisational disasters occur when â€Å"things go wrong† (p. 145). The researchers add that Apart from its inherent importance, the issue of mistakes and errors is valuable for several reasons. First, it is rarely addressed in studies of organisations. Not only is it absent from many standard textbooks, but it is also not discussed in a volume aiming to lay out the key approaches to strategy, even though overcoming errors might be seen as central to strategy (p. 146). Another important element of the effective performance is decision-making process. Decision-making influences organisational performance and future growth. Among all the operations of a business, it is decision making and planning of a strategic nature which makes the greatest demands for information on the external environment. It requires ongoing monitoring for developments which would change the position of the business in relation to its market or other environments, and ad hoc research for particular purposes. Decision-making has a great impact on performance because it determines the best practices and allows a

Business Continuity Plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business Continuity Plan - Assignment Example The plan formulated and implemented is specifically designed for the White House security staff. The staff is meant to ensure security of the White House is not breached. Plan Scenario Numerous possible scenarios may interfere with the security and normal functioning of the White House. Some of them may include: 1.Natural Calamities Examples include: Floods and Storms 2.Inadequate employees The inadequacy may be due to sickness and injuries, staff strikes or go slows, resignations and retrenchments. 3.Security Breaches Possible incidences include: intruder invasion, cyber-attacks and loss of data and hostile invasion among others. 4.Deficient Infrastructure Possible incidences include power outages, network outages and telecommunication equipment breakdown. Plan assumption The following assumptions will be made subsequent to the implementation of this policy: 1.Sufficient security personnel will be available at any given time at the expected assigned posts 2.An appropriate evacuation procedure will be in place in the event of possible security breach and onset of natural calamities. 3.Backup power generators and network boosters will be available at any particular moment. In the departments not affected, power and network should be maintained. 4.A data breach response team equipped with up to date strategies should be available when needed. Plan Section Recovery Strategy Summary The strategies to be undertaken are expected to neutralize the consequences of the scenarios.

The Land of Enchantment by Marian Russell Essay Example for Free

The Land of Enchantment by Marian Russell Essay The book titled â€Å"Land of Enchantment† by Marian Russell (1845-1936) is an account of her travels along the Santa Fe Trail as a child during the 1850s and 1860s. The book is addressed to her daughter in law, Miss Hal Russell, to whom she dictated it in the 1930s. But, the aim of the book, according to the author is â€Å"to preserve to posterity the truth and the warmth of an unforgettable period in American history; the stirring decades in which sturdy pioneers blazed trails across a strange and wondrous land of prairies, plains and mountains†. Hence the book may be considered as addressed to all future generations of readers who are fascinated by the American West and in particular the Santa Fe trail. It was published in a limited edition in 1954 and due to high ratings by leading critics, the demand for the book far exceeded the stock. The Santa Fe Trail was historically a popular route in New Mexico that was used for commercial travel across the West. As such it was used more frequently by merchants than by emigrants. It was rare to find women on the Santa Fe Trail and this makes this account by Marian Russell a very special one. It is one of the few firsthand accounts by a woman of life on the Santa Fe Trail. The book brings to life nineteenth century New Mexico from the eyes of a seven year old girl. Adding more color to the accounts are Mrs. Russell’s memories of several well-known western figures.   This book is truly a historical account of the Santa Fe Trail. The book is a first-person account of the author’s travels and hence the book is highly authentic. Moreover, the meticulousness of the details included in this travel account provides the book with a high degree of value as a historical book. Marian Russell was the third and last child of William and Eliza St. Clair Sloan, who were of Scottish ancestry. She was named after Lady Marian Wallace whose tragic story touched her mothers heart. In this book, the author traces her life story from 1848 to 1936. During this period, she moved from St. Louis to California with her mother. The travel took her across the Santa Fe Trail – the historic nature of which is best brought out through Russell’s words: â€Å"It led from our eastern seaboard to the waters of the blue Pacific. If we could but measure it by the tears and the smiles it has known we would never be able to trace its way through American history†. The style of writing is very simple but very colorful. The author uses descriptive words to bring the scene before the readers: â€Å"†¦as we bore westward, the deer and the antelope bounded away from us. There were miles and miles of buffalo grass, blue lagoons and blood-red sunsets and, once in a while, a little sod house on the lonely prairie-home of some hunter or trapper†. She also includes minute details such as the freight charges during that period in time.   Ã¢â‚¬Å"The freight rate to Santa Fà © was $10.00 per hundred pounds. Teamsters and drivers were paid $25.00 per month plus rations†. The narrative is partly child like and partly adult in perspective as this is an account of the experiences of a small child dictated in an adult voice. The author talks about the dangers due to native Indians on the Santa Fe Trail. She recounts with horror the night when the Indians attacked the camp she was staying in and stole a herd of two hundred army horses. During this account, the author also gives deep insights to the culture of the people she met. The Indians she noticed valued some relatively small worth articles such as charms and disposed easily of some things of real value. These charms could be in the form of a war bonnet or a breech clout or even just a smooth pebble from the river. But charms were never for sale. Apart from Indian culture, she also gives accounts of the animals and plants along the route: big spiders, centipedes, scorpions, spiders, rattle snakes and lizards. There was also a variety of cactus that resembled trees, wild asters, scarlet honeysuckle, and night blooming poppies. Her poetic way of perception binds the reader’s interest in the book: â€Å"Sometimes a cactus, an old bone or a bunch of red grass caused the desert mirage to assume gigantic proportions†. Through her dialogue with Captain Aubry, Marian Russell traces the history of New Mexico. She also includes great details on Fort Union. She describes Santa Fe as a place full of â€Å"donkeys, goats and Mexican chickens†. During her stay at Santa Fe and Albuquerque, she gives accounts of Mexican food, their housing, their lifestyle, the legends they believed in, the Mexican Mandolin, their dressing style, the tragic story of Mrs. Adelaide Wilson, and the faith of the Catholic nuns. She crisply notes: â€Å"The old Mexican was pure Spanish and Indian, and often the Indian blood predominated; a class of people as colorful as the land in which they lived†. Thus, the book â€Å"Land of the Enchanted† by Marian Russell is a must-read for anyone with a fascination for Mexican history and culture. With the kaleidoscopic nature of details included, the book will be highly informative from many viewpoints: science, history, sociology, archeology, spirituality and humanity as well. Bibliography: Russell, Marian (1981). Land of Enchantment: Memoirs of Marian Russell along the Santa Fae Trail. University of New Mexico Press, 1981